evolution v. creation Essay -- essays research papers fc

EvolutionShould the stork theory appear in books on reproduction? How about astrological lore in expositions on astronomy? It would be inconclusive to heretofore consider those ridiculous concepts. This is why the idea of creation should not be considered as the answer to how life began. Rather, the theory of evolution accounts for the creation of life. Charles Darwin is assign with creating the theory of evolution. Evolution assumes that all natural forms arose from their ancestors and adapted over time to their environments, thus leading to variation. In evolution, there are many rules the environment places upon the endurance of a species. There are many misconceptions that creationists have about evolution. A large part of the reason why creationist arguments against evolution can sound so persuasive is because they dont address evolution, but rather argue against a set of misunderstandings that people are right to consider ludicrous (Isaak). Evolution refers to change, or teddy over time. There are numerous ways in which evolution occurs, the most noted are Natural Selection and Adaptation (Evolution v. universe of discourseism). As Savage said, We do not need a listing of evidences to demonstrate the fact of evolution any more than we need to demonstrate the existence of chain reactor grasps (v). A very popular, although erroneous, argument channeln by creationists is that evolution has never been observed. Evolution at its simplest involves relatively minor changes in the gene pool of a particular population from one generation to the next (Savage 32). One example of evolution being observed is insects developing a resistance to pesticides over the flowing of a few years. Even most creationists recognize that evolution at this level is a fact. What hasnt been observed is one animal abruptly changing into a radically different one, such as a frog changing into a cow. This is not a problem for evolution because evolution doesnt propose occurrenc es even remotely like that. In fact, if we ever observed a frog turn into a cow, it would be very strong evidence against evolution (Isaak). fit in to Isaak, what they dont appreciate is that this rate of evolution is all that is required to produce the diversity of all living things from a common ancestor.Another inaccu... ... a wide range of observations throughout the fields of genetics, anatomy, ecology, animal behavior, paleontology, and others. According to Dennett, if you wish to challenge the theory of evolution, you must address that evidence. You must show that the evidence is either wrong or irrelevant or that it fits another theory better (275). If I had to give an award for the single greatest idea that anyone ever had, Id give it to Darwin (Dennett 278).Works CitedDennett, Daniel C. Darwins Dangerous Idea. New York Simon & Schuster, 1995.Evolution v. Creationism. 21 April 2002. http//physics.syr.edu/courses/modules/ ORIGINS/origins.html. 4 Jan. 2004.Isaak, Mark. Five Major Misconceptions About Evolution. 1 October 2003. Online. Available http//www.talkorigins.org/faqs/faq-misconceptions.html. 4 Jan. 2004.Prinze, Karl. Evolution v. Creation Misconceptions Dangerous. 12 June 1999. Online. Available. http//www.ius.edu/journalism/2000/darwin.html. 4 Jan 2004. Savage, Jay M. Evolution. New York Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc, 1963.

Essay --

Ocean Carriers Case ReportHunter TaylorCases in Financial Management2/25/2014Executive sum-upThe Ocean Carriers brand is looking into the profitability and risk associated with purchasing a new diademesize carrier wave for use in an initial three year lease. At the moment, Ocean Carriers does not have any boats capable of meeting the size requirements that the lessee needs in order to fill their obligations. My analysis of this case brought the conclusion that at that place is no viable way to project the NPV of this project out of the red, or anywhere close to where it needs to be considering the risk associated with the building, leasing, and maintenance of the boat. If any embark is to be built, which is not my overall suggestion, it should be built in Hong Kong where no tax charge per unit is applied. This is the only situation where the NPV of the project is positive, yet by fair the slightest of margins. The Ocean Carriers company is responsible for determining if these s mall margins and NPV are worth the risk associated with this project. Scrapping at any year before or after 25 years would be non-optimal. Although the NPV increases each projected year in each possible scenario, the life span of the carrier is not infinite, and the costs associated with running the broadcast past 25 years far negate the increase in NPV.Assumptions & Problem StatementAs with any projection of future events, assumptions had to be do in order to make sensible estimations. I used an expected 9% discount rate at 3% inflation per year. The working cap of the firm will grow at this inflation rate and cash flows will be discounted at 9%. AnalysisScenario 1 Operate carrier for 25 years and scrap. This situation proved to be one of the least attractive options.... ...rease 15%Changing Cells choose Rate 20,000 21,000 22,000 23,000 Hire Rate 20,200 21,200 22,200 23,200 Hire Rate 20,400 21,400 22,400 23,400 Result Cells NPV 422,697 1,183,299 1,943,902 2,704,505 ConclusionIf any ship is to be built, which is not my overall suggestion it should be built in Hong Kong where no tax rate is applied. This is the only situation where the NPV of the project is positive, yet by just the slightest of margins. Following this recommendation would be the only scenario where Ocean Carriers sees a positive net play value of the investment. Aside from this somewhat formidable option, it is my suggestion that Ocean Carriers neglect this project.

Wireless Technology Essays -- Internet Computers Essays

Wireless TechnologyWireless technology is an industry that has seen much growth and progress in the years following the blood line of the internet and cell phones. Our society has progressed to the point to where we can no longer function without this technology. Business, travel, and everyday life now are dependant on piano tuner technology. Wireless technology is effective what its name implies, communicating or computing without wires and phone lines. Wireless technology uses a variety of different devices such as desktop and laptop computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), cell phones, and many others. The major benefit of wireless technology to users is the immediate access it offers to resources. Whether it is providing access to your office, the Internet, your business, or just making a phone call while walking down the street, wireless technology provides millions of users with a degree of flexibility that used to be expressage by wires. In general, wi reless technology works a lot like wired technology. The user inputs data onto device, connection software translates the data into a format for transmission, and transmission protocols determine the method and route the data into a format for transmission. The method and route the data will take is determined by transmission protocols. Once more, connection software re-translates the data into a format that the new user can perceive. Wireless technology is important to business because it makes communion and integration of e-business easier to achieve. Virtualization brings computing power to the consumer when they need it. Grid technology lets us share and manage collections of resources as if they were a large virtualiz... ...s many wireless technologies as possible. In the end, the wireless technologies that will survive will rely on ease of use and affordability. BibliographyWoods, Arthur and Chiu, Charles, (Sept/Oct 2003). Response to Technology in Coll ege Classrooms. Retrieved October 25, 2004 from http//ts.mivu.org/default.asp?show=article&id=1045 smart to Wireless Technology (n.d.). Retrieved October 25, 2004 from http//www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/wireless/newto/Introduction to Wireless Networking (n.d.). Retrieved October 25, 2004 fromhttp//www.dnjonline.com/articles/mobility/nov02_wireless_networks.aspBluetooth Wireless Technology (n.d.). Retrieved October 25, 2004 from http//www.palmos.com/dev/tech/bluetooth/Wireless LAN (n.d.). Retrieved October 25, 2004 from http//www.wirelessdictionary.com/WLAN

history :: essays research papers

Primary Documents business1.GNP The total market value of all goods and services produced by a nation.2.Economy management of resources3.Culture the arts, beliefs and custom of a group at a certain time4.Technology application of scientific knowledge5. Social living together in a community6.Political construction or affairs of a government1.Social History-, Charles Manson and the Sharon Tate murder and Abe Lincoln freed slaves, declaration of independence 2.Political History- JFK assassination, Pres. Clinton?s impeachment trial, Florida vote scandal.3.Scientific/Technological History- te Valley, Bill Gates Microsoft Empire, soupcon bomb 4.Economic History- stock market crash of the 30?s that led to the great depression, 5.Cultural History- Woodstock, martin Luther?s Lutheran church and Mardi gras1.What you pretend the document says in broad terms. We will not stand for an unjust govt2.To whom is the document written?To the king of England3. Include examples of how the Declarat ion of Independence illustrates The five themesIt explains the accounting of America from their time. How trade was compress off, how they were deprived trials and for quartering troops among their towns.ConstitutionIt was the setting up of laws and rules for their new country away from a king, with their own fundamental government.AmendmentsAmendment I Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, Petition (1791) Amendment II Right to Bear Arms (1791) Amendment III Quartering of Troops (1791) Amendment IV Search and Seizure (1791) Amendment V Grand control board, Double Jeopardy, Self-Incrimination, Due Process (1791) Amendment VI Criminal Prosecutions - Jury Trial, Right to Confront and to pleader (1791) Amendment VII Common Law Suits - Jury Trial (1791) Amendment VIII Excess Bail or Fines, Cruel and Unusual Punishment (1791) Amendment IX Non-Enumerated Rights (1791) Amendment X Rights Reserved to States (1791) 1.Military figures try that the number of people dismissed from the militar y for reasons related to homosexuality rose last year to the highest total since 1987.2.Donald Blom and the fact that he no longer has a right to bear arms due to his criminal record is very likely that he will go to prison for bearing arms3. non up to date4.uuu5.When Bethe Feltman killed her two young children in Jefferson County in 1998, the prosecution and defence mechanism lawyers agreed she was insane, no instrument panel obstinate her fate and no i ever argued that she should be put to death. The Rocky Mountain News reports.6.When Bethe Feltman killed her two young children in Jefferson County in 1998, the prosecution and defense lawyers agreed she was insane, no jury decided her fate and no one ever argued that she should be put to death.history essays research papers Primary Documents Task1.GNP The total market value of all goods and services produced by a nation.2.Economy management of resources3.Culture the arts, beliefs and customs of a group at a certain time4.Te chnology application of scientific knowledge5. Social living together in a community6.Political structure or affairs of a government1.Social History-, Charles Manson and the Sharon Tate murder and Abe Lincoln freed slaves, declaration of independence 2.Political History- JFK assassination, Pres. Clinton?s impeachment trial, Florida vote scandal.3.Scientific/Technological History- Silicon Valley, Bill Gates Microsoft Empire, atom bomb 4.Economic History- stock market crash of the 30?s that led to the great depression, 5.Cultural History- Woodstock, martin Luther?s Lutheran church and Mardi gras1.What you think the document says in broad terms. We will not stand for an unjust govt2.To whom is the document written?To the king of England3. Include examples of how the Declaration of Independence illustrates The five themesIt explains the history of America from their time. How trade was cut off, how they were deprived trials and for quartering troops among their towns.ConstitutionIt was the setting up of laws and rules for their new country away from a king, with their own constitutional government.AmendmentsAmendment I Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, Petition (1791) Amendment II Right to Bear Arms (1791) Amendment III Quartering of Troops (1791) Amendment IV Search and Seizure (1791) Amendment V Grand Jury, Double Jeopardy, Self-Incrimination, Due Process (1791) Amendment VI Criminal Prosecutions - Jury Trial, Right to Confront and to Counsel (1791) Amendment VII Common Law Suits - Jury Trial (1791) Amendment VIII Excess Bail or Fines, Cruel and Unusual Punishment (1791) Amendment IX Non-Enumerated Rights (1791) Amendment X Rights Reserved to States (1791) 1.Military figures show that the number of people dismissed from the military for reasons related to homosexuality rose last year to the highest total since 1987.2.Donald Blom and the fact that he no longer has a right to bear arms due to his criminal record is very likely that he will go to prison for bearin g arms3.Not up to date4.uuu5.When Bethe Feltman killed her two young children in Jefferson County in 1998, the prosecution and defense lawyers agreed she was insane, no jury decided her fate and no one ever argued that she should be put to death. The Rocky Mountain News reports.6.When Bethe Feltman killed her two young children in Jefferson County in 1998, the prosecution and defense lawyers agreed she was insane, no jury decided her fate and no one ever argued that she should be put to death.

Capital Punishment And Christianity :: essays research papers

Capital punishment has been stated as murder in its worst form barbaric, disgusting, unusual and completely unnecessary. Should Christians really support the death penalization? Many Christians believe that the Bible has spoken to the issue, but others believe that the New Testament ethic of love replaces the Old Testament law.Some early Christian writers who discussed capital punishment were absolutely opposed to it. Christians were instructed to not execute a criminal, to not attend public executions and even to not lay a find fault against a person if it might eventually result in their execution.One example is Lactantius (260 to 330 AD) who is primarily known for his books, Introduction to true Religion and The Divine Institutes. He wrote in The Divine Institutes, Book 6, Chapter 20When paragon forbids us to kill, he not only prohibits the violence that is condemned by public laws, but he in like manner forbids the violence that is deemed lawful by men. Thus it is not lawful for a just man to engage in warfare, since his warfare is justice itself. Nor is it lawful to accuse anyone of a capital offence. It makes no difference whether you put a man to death by word, or by the sword. It is the act of putting to death itself which is prohibited. Therefore, regarding this precept of God there should be no exception at all. Rather it is always unlawful to put to death a man, whom God willed to be a inspirational creature.Abolitionists believe that the offender should be required to compensate the victims family with the offenders income from employment or community service. Their thinking is that someone tail end do more alive than dead. By working, the criminal inadvertently pays back society and also the victim and/or the victims family. There is no reason for the criminal to receive any compensation for his work. Money is of no value in jail. One of the most well known examples of the criminal lend to the betterment of society is the case of Leop old(a) and Loeb. Leopold and Loeb were nineteen years old when they committed The Crime of the Century. In 1924 they kidnapped and murdered a fourteen year old boy just to see what it was like. They were both spared the death penalty and sentenced to life imprisonment. Together, their accomplishments include working at hospitals, teaching ill-iterates to read, creating a correspondence school, making square developments in the World War II Malaria Project and writing a grammar book.

Capital Punishment And Christianity :: essays research papers

Capital punishment has been stated as murder in its worst form barbaric, disgusting, unusual and completely unnecessary. Should Christians really support the death penalty? Many Christians believe that the Bible has spoken to the issue, but others believe that the New Testament ethic of love replaces the out of date Testament law.Some early Christian writers who discussed capital punishment were absolutely opposed to it. Christians were instructed to not execute a criminal, to not attend public executions and level to not lay a charge against a person if it might eventually result in their execution.One example is L shapeantius (260 to 330 AD) who is primarily known for his books, origin to true Religion and The Divine Institutes. He wrote in The Divine Institutes, Book 6, Chapter 20When God forbids us to kill, he not only prohibits the violence that is condemned by public laws, but he also forbids the violence that is deemed lawful by men. Thus it is not lawful for a just man t o engage in warfare, since his warfare is justice itself. Nor is it lawful to accuse anyone of a capital offence. It makes no difference whether you put a man to death by word, or by the sword. It is the act of putting to death itself which is prohibited. Therefore, regarding this precept of God there should be no exception at all. Rather it is always unlawful to put to death a man, whom God willed to be a sacred creature.Abolitionists believe that the offender should be required to compensate the victims family with the offenders income from employment or community service. Their thinking is that someone can do more alive than dead. By working, the criminal inadvertently pays back society and also the victim and/or the victims family. There is no reason for the criminal to receive any compensation for his work. Money is of no value in jail. One of the most well known examples of the criminal contributing to the betterment of society is the case of Leopold and Loeb. Leopold and Loeb were nineteen years old when they committed The Crime of the Century. In 1924 they kidnapped and off a fourteen year old boy just to see what it was like. They were both spared the death penalty and sentenced to life imprisonment. Together, their accomplishments include working at hospitals, article of belief ill-iterates to read, creating a correspondence school, making significant developments in the World War II Malaria Project and writing a grammar book.

Is Atheism a Religion Essay

Throughout the countless generations of our existence, we as a global community have pondered a variety of famed enquiries. Most notably, the following come to the forefront. How did the humanity come into existence? Does God exist? Does evil exist? What is the ultimate reality? The emergence of these thought aro hold questions is something we as a society have become accustomed to debating. Ration completelyy speaking, there simply cannot be one precise justification for these questions. Judging on the history of this heated topic, it is app arnt that a variety of possibilities have arisen.The fairness of the matter is that the disposition of God and trust in itself can be sensed and projected through with(predicate) a broad array of individual beliefs. What one individual deems to be the ultimate reality can differ tremendously from some other individuals viewpoint. Ultimately, a persons culture experiences, traditions, and beliefs all carry significant weight into their sciences of God and religion. This in circumstance, is the ultimate reality. Fortunately for us, the use of religion alleviates some of the speculation as it gives us a firm basis of discussion for argument sake.To begin with, it is fundamental to interpret what is classified as religion. holiness has been globally ren suffered as a set of symbolic realism views, theories of action and institutions that relate individuals and companys of individuals to that which they consider to be the ultimate reality. Judaism, Christianity, Islam and Hinduism argon all vivid examples of belief systems that are devotedly practiced worldwide. Although unique in their own respective way, all of these belief systems share the common ground of macrocosm classified as religions.Contrarily, atheism (although it possesses the ism) is often disregarded as a religion due to a variety of reasons. Not only does mass of the public disregard ungodliness as a religion, unless excessively refuse to acce pt it as an political orientation, school of thought, worldview, and belief system. Nonetheless, it is vital to construe that religion is tho one mode of reasoning to justify our existence in this intriguing universe. According to science, the universe came into existence from an arbitrary pop globally accepted as the Big Bang Theory.More specifically, the Big Bang Theory was a theory of the creation of the universe first introduced by George Gamow in the 1940s where the universe started as very small, dense, and hot about 15 billion years ago and then expanded into our modern day universe and continues to expand forthwith (Gribbin, 1996). Prior to this colossal event, there was no matter. However, the purpose of this essay is not to favour one argument over another however rather to get wind the nature of ungodliness and reflect on both sides of the argument respectively.Firstly, with regards to godlessness not being classified as a religion, many an(prenominal) Christians oppose this point by stating ungodliness can be classified as a religion. However, through a perspective of the majority who dont, one simply cannot counterbalance this judgement with the full understanding of religion. The incident of the matter is that ungodliness lacks every one of the essential characteristics of religion. Furthermore, with the use of various external resources, we can gather a better grasp of what religion is commonly referred to. This in return go forth enable us to elaborate on how Atheism contradicts Religion.According to one resource, Religion can be the service and worship of God or the supernatural (Wolf, 2010). By focusing solely on this definition, Atheism is without a doubt non a religion due to the point that Atheism is commonly referred to as the doctrine or belief that there is no God. Furthermore, the United States Supreme judicature claims that religion is based on a belief in the existence of God and that religion is founded on different beliefs (Hammar, 1991). This evidently contradicts skeptic viewpoints due to the fact that they view in no supernatural being.Thus, its not possible to call Atheism a religion. It can most definitely be circumstances of a religion, but it cant be a religion by itself. These two factors are in entirely dissimilar categories. Atheism is the absence seizure of one particular belief while religion is a complex web of traditions and beliefs. An comparison that can be directly cor cogitate with calling Atheism a religion is stating that not collecting hockey cards could be classified as a hobby. As you can see, it is evident from the factors listed above that Atheism should not be classified as a religion.On the contrary, looking through the perspective of those who consider Atheism a religion, the following points do adjure some speculation. To begin with, Atheists believe that a religion does not necessarily have to be comprised of worshipping a God. For example, as learned in clas s, there are religions which are classified as polytheistic (Hinduism, Mormonism), monotheistic (Judaism, Christianity, Islam) and non-theistic (Buddhism). As you can see, Buddhism is classified as a religion even though Buddhists do not worship a God.To put it into perspective, Atheists claim their religion is anti-theistic, but their Atheism is then religious. Moreover, Atheists possess their very own worldview which can be referred to as Materialism. Materialism is a viewpoint that there is in fact only a material world (Li, 2009). Atheists merely interpret information within the very slender worldview of materialism. An analogy that can be made here is that of an individual wearing dark sunglasses to influence others perception of the sun being out.Additionally, Atheists believe that their own orthodoxy (set of beliefs acceptable to a faith community) should be sufficient for their inclusion as a religion. The reason being, just as there are orthodox Christian beliefs, there i s Atheist orthodoxy as well. This orthodoxy preaches that everything can be clarified as the product of inadvertent, undirected, meaningless evolution. The basis of Atheist orthodox lies on the fact that no truth claim is adequate if it cannot be subject to scientific scrutiny. In addition, as discussed in class, there were a variety of prophets for each respective religion.Atheists in their own right, have their own prophets as the correspondings of Nietzsche, Russell, Feuerbach, Lenin and Marx. Lastly, Atheists have faith. Although it often seems like the opposite, if one looks carefully at their writings, the revealing in their writings shows that they condemn faith. The fact of the matter is that the existence of God cannot be confirmed or disproven. In actuality, to deny the existence of God (Atheism) takes faith. An analogy that can be used to describe the correlation between Atheism and religion is that of smuggled (which physicists define as the total absence of color) no t being categorized as a color.Throughout the world, it is a norm for black to be considered a color disregarding the definition assigned by physicists. However, if black is considered a color then Atheism should most definitely be classified as a religion. In conclusion, looking at religion through a sense of morality, being religious can be looked at being passionate, zealous and scrupulous. We can confirm with sincerity that Atheists are in fact passionate, zealous and scrupulous towards their own respective beliefs.Ultimately, the variability in the definition of religion definitely has an impact on all the hesitancy surrounding Atheisms inclusion in the definition. Unlike our class, the definition of religion is broader in scope. By taking that into consideration, how can one with the utmost credibility confirm that Atheism is or is not a religion when there simply is not one precise definition of religion? The facts above depicted why Atheism can and cannot be classified as a religion. These facts lead to our next argument regarding Atheisms inclusion as an ideology.For this particular argument, the sole viewpoint will be of Atheism not being classified as an ideology due to a lack of facts for the opposed. The negligence towards Atheism being classified as an ideology originates from the fact that An ideology is the body of ideas reflecting the social needs and aspirations of an individual, group, class, or culture (Grobman, 1990). Simply put, it is the collection of myths and beliefs that guide an individual or group of people. Therefore Atheism is not an ideology due to the fact that it does not meet the most integral component of an ideology.This element is the provision of charge which is directed towards a group of ideas or beliefs. Atheism in itself is the absence of belief in God. Moreover, it is not even a single belief, much(prenominal) less a body of beliefs. Secondly, Atheism offers no counseling or moral, social or political matters. Con sequently, these so called philosophers of religion argue the fact that Atheism is not a religion or ideology BUT can be a part of both respectively. In addition to the all the contemplation regarding Atheisms inclusion as a religion and ideology, its insertion as a possible school of thought has also been heavily scrutinized.The denial of Atheisms declaration as a doctrine will be illustrated below through the perspective of someone who believes Atheism is not a philosophy. An individuals philosophy is their system of principles for guidance in practical affairs (Bronstein, 2008). Although Atheists have individual philosophys by which they live by, the fact of the matter is that Atheism simply does not contain a philosophy to live by collectively. The truth of the matter is that there is no precise defined philosophy that is common to all Atheists.Additionally, as mentioned above, a philosophy is also comprised of two crucial aspects like an ideology. For one, in order for someth ing to be classified as philosophy, it must be a collection of beliefs that provide guidance to its respective believers. Likewise, Atheism is not a philosophy due to the same reason that it is not an ideology. Atheism is not even a single belief, much less a collaboration of interconnected beliefs. Once again, Atheism can most definitely be a part of a philosophy but not the philosophy itself. Atheists on the other hand, argue that their religion is indeed a philosophy.According to their intellect, there is no such religion with a philosophy that encloses so many truths and inspirations. Moreover, Atheism has the ability to prepare us to face life with its multitude of trials and tribulations. The fact of the matter is that Atheism is based on nature which is the very roots of life itself. In addition, they argue that their philosophy is without the additional embellishments and false garments like others. Simply put, there are no pretences attached to it due to the fact that Athei sm rises above faith, and puts humanity upon one level plane.In the Atheist philosophy, there are no such things like chosen people. There are no supplications, no prayers, no sacrificial redemptions, no divine revelations, no crusades, no massacres, no holy wars, no heaven, no hell, no purgatory, no Christs , no saviours, no devils, no ghosts, and no Gods (Bronstein, 2008). Not only do Atheists claim that their religion is indeed a philosophy, but they strive to make aware the fact that it is a very spirited and courageous philosophy. Courageous in the sense that it is not panicky to confront the many dilemmas of life.Moreover, Atheism does an avid job of displaying that there are conflicts which yet remain to be solved. Although Atheism does not allege to have discovered all the answers to our existence, it does provide us with a sense of assurance by stating it has discovered and learned the appropriate approach. This approach enables us to strive for the ultimate truth by havi ng the mindset that truth for truths sake is the highest ideal and ultimately, virtue is its own reward. Atheists articulate the fact that our passion and devotion should be directed to humanity and not a supernatural being because humanity is the higher supreme.An analogy that can be made here is that of we cannot help God, but we can help mankind. pass that help are better far than lips that pray. According to their respective viewpoint, praying and worshipping to God is humiliating and degrading. A great quote that can be directly related to the philosophy of Atheism is that of the great Robert G. Ingersoll. He created the quote that states Give me the storm and tempest of thought and action, rather than the dead calm of ignorance and faith. Banish me from Eden when you will, but first let me eat of the fruit of the tree of knowledge. (Robert G. Ingersoll, N. A. )Atheism can be considered as an independent philosophy that enables one to be intellectually free. Atheists also arg ue that their philosophy approaches what is rather than what is said. They forcefully believe that their philosophy teaches individuals that unless their full attention and devotion is not towards one particular goal, the level of prosperity of that goal can be tampered. An analogy that can be used here is that of failing to prepare, is preparing to fail. No such reliance upon prayers can alter that. We will now discuss whether or not Atheism should be considered a world view so to speak.It is commonly accepted that a worldview is a widespread origin or illustration of the universe and how humanity relates to it. Many theistic individuals argue that Atheism is not a world view due to the fact that it does not offer as any insight on the ultimate reality and its direct relation with us (humanity). Atheists on the other hand, argue that their religion is in indeed a world view. They are reasoning their assumption on the basis that although Atheism by itself does not offer any guida nce on how to conceive the universe and humanities relation to it, it does however provide us with exclusion of other possibilities.More notably, those possibilities of origin centered around a supernatural being (God). Therefore, they claim that their worldview is universal in the sense that it excludes God as the origin of creation. Secondly, excluding certain types of world views as potential options can also be considered their world view. The existence of God is indeed a very heated topic merely for the fact that both sides present very salubrious and influential ideas that really provoke people to think. Disregarding the fact that this topic has been continually debated for centuries, it is inevitable that this topic will continue to grow as a basis of discussion.The fact of the matter is that no matter what day and age we will live in, the debate whether or not God exists will never cease to disappear. Interestingly enough, these debates have triggered a variety of so called arguments for the existence of God and the classification of religion. One of these so called arguments is that of Atheisms inclusion as a religion. The fact of the matter is that majority of the worlds population adamantly oppose this classification. From their perspective, Atheism is simply and completely an explicit denial of religion.Contrarily, we have individuals in this world who strongly argue that Atheism should be considered a religion just like Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism and other respective religions. Upon personal research along with the insight have from roughly twelve lectures in this very class, it appears as if the complexity in this matter lies not in what the people believe about Atheism, but in the definitions used when referring to religion. It is evident that we are witnessing somewhat of a transition from theism to atheism. However, I personally believe this does not justify Atheisms categorization as a religion.I will stress that I am not against Atheism in any which form. I respect Atheists for their curiosity and willingness to explore what they believe is the ultimate reality. I am merely opposing Atheisms INCLUSION as a religion. In conclusion, it is neither my place nor right to preach my opinions on Atheisms inclusion or exclusion as a religion with the basis of influencing peoples perceptions. I will continue to practice my own religion (Sikhism) and slip by MY opinions on the nature of God close to my heart. Like the rest of society, I too am baffled to explain why there is evil and pang in ur world. I am sure even the most devoted Catholic, Muslim or even Christian has wondered why this is the case. Personally, I believe that my brain knows that there is indeed a God out there and these mysteries are not enough to sway me towards Atheism. Ultimately, everyone is entitled to their own opinions and beliefs of religion and God that it would be simply egotistical to justify one concrete reason of our exi stence. However, I do advise every individual (whether Atheist or believer) to explore many avenues of our existence ranging from science to religion before reaching a conclusion.

Conduction Toturial

Tutorial 1 (Conduction and Convection) 1. press a composite structure shown on below. Conductivities of the layer argon k1 = k3 = 10 W/mK, k2 = 16 W/mK, and k4 = 46 W/mK. The convection coefficient on the right side of the composite is 30 W/m2K. view the total resistance and the heat flow with the composite. (0. 46, 173. 9 W) 2. Consider a 1. 2-m high and 2-m-wide glass window whose thickness is 6 mm and thermic conductivity is k= 0. 78W/m. 0C.Determine the steady rate of heat transfer through this glass window and the temperature of its inner draw close for a day during which the room is well-kept at 24 0C while the temperature of the outdoors is -5 0C. Take the convection heat transfer coefficients on the inner and outer surfaces of the window to be h1= 10 W/m2 . 0C and h2 = 25 W/m2 . 0C and disregard any heat transfer by radiation. (471W, 4. 40C) 3. Consider a 1. 2-m-high and 2-m-wide double-pane window consisting of two 3-mm-thick layers of glass (k=0. 78 W/m . 0C) apart(p) by 12-mm-wide stagnant air space.Determine the steady rate of heat transfer through this double-pane window and the temperature of its inner surface for a day during which the room is maintain at 24 0C while the temperature of the outdoors is -50C. Take the convection heat transfer coefficients on the inner and outer surfaces of the window to be h1=10 W/ m2 . 0C and h2 = 25 W/m2 . 0C and disregard any heat transfer by radiation. Given also k air = 0. 026 W/ m . 0C (114W, 19. 20C) 4. A cylindrical resistance element on a circuit board dissipates 0. 5W of power in an environment at 400C. The resistor is 1. 2 cm long, and has a diameter of 0. 3cm. anticipate heat to be transferred uniformly from all surfaces, determine (a) the amount of heat this resistor dissipates during a 24-h period, (b) the heat flux on the surface of the resistor, in W/m2 and (c) the surface temperature of the resistor for a combined convection and radiation heat transfer coefficient of 9 W/m2 . 0C. (3. 6 Wh, 1179 W/m2, 1710C) 5. Water is boiling in a 25-cm-diameter aluminum pan (k=237 W/ m . 0C) at 95 0C.Heat is transferred steadily to the boiling water in the pan through its 0. 5-cm-thick flat bottom at a rate of 800 W. If the inner surface temperature of the bottom of the pan is 1080C, determine (a) the boiling heat transfer coefficient on the inner surface of the pan, and (b) the outer surface temperature of the bottom of the pan. (1254 W/m2 . 0C, 108. 30C) 6. Steam at 320 0C flows in a stainless steel pipe (k= 15 W/m. 0C) whose inner and outer diameters are 5 cm and 5. 5cm, respectively. The pipe is covered with 3-cm-thick glass wool insulation (k= 0. 38 W/m. 0C). Heat is lost to the surroundings at 50C by natural convection and radiation, with a combined natural convection and radiation heat transfer coefficient of 15 W/ m2. 0C. Taking the heat transfer coefficient inside the pipe to be 80 W/m2. 0C, determine the rate of heat loss from the steam per unit length of the pipe. Also de termine the temperature drops across the pipe shell and the insulation. (93. 9 W, 0. 095 0C, 290 0 C) 7. Consider a 8-m-long, and 0. 22-m-thick wall whose representative cross section is as given in the Figure 1.The thermal conductivities of various material used, in W/m. 0C, are kA=kF=3, kB=10, kC=23, kD=15 and kE=38. The left and right surface of the wall are maintained a uniform temperatures of 3000C and 1000C, respectively. Assuming heat transfer through the wall to be one-dimensional, determine (Given Rcond = x/kA and Rconv = 1/hA) a) The rate of heat transfer through the wall. b) The temperature at the point where the sections B, D and E meet. c) The temperature drop across the section F. (6453. 0075 W, 259. 59380C, 134. 22220C)

Primordial Sound Meditation Essay

Donna Miesbach opens the lecture asking if whatsoeverone participates in meditation. Her knowledge depresss for her at the age of 17. The passion she emits when teaching primordial sound meditation is discernable with the discussion she leads. Informative about Dr. Deepka Chopa making the Vedic tradition of India available and able to read to many people. Bringing meditation back into society. Meditation brush aside be described as entering a state of complete aw arness. Meditation is about oneself you with your sense. A place you put forward fulfill your purpose, get in tune with your soul, no tension, anxiety or fear. Meditation relieves stress and helps to remember self wholeness. It rejuvenates the cells to wake up, relaxes the physical, mental and energy luggage compartment, introduces serenity, bliss and clarity all age bringing balance to every commonwealth of life.Meditation is stated as a three measure process. The basis starts with our state of mind. many thought s stimulate and stress our emotional, mental, energy and physical bodies. The meditation station describes the normal state of mind of not being normal but abnormal with effects of receiving sensory stimuli that oppose in uncontrolled ways. Also that our thoughts shag be opposing of each other, thoughts that bring warm, cuddly, relaxed emotions can also initiate fear, anxiety and paranoia. A tool utilize to transition thru meditation is Mantra, defined as man=mind and tra=instrument so as a whole Instrument of the mindThe first step of meditation is gaining control over our mind, to concentrate. All effects are directly or indirectly in all areas of the body and mind. Concentration derived from the Latin spoken communication To Center or fixed center point offers mental influence and mental imaging, looking at the word as a whole can be further defined as bring to a common point. and the act or state of bringing to a fixed point or focus. With concentration you are bringing t he highest forms of energy, power and forces to a focus point , keeping it from dissolving over multiple areas. Focused concentration can be difficult to achieve with current lifestyle, duties of family, work, school, schedules, appointments all correlate to keep the mind restless.With the obstacles of swirling thoughts, applying the control of voluntary attention and exercising self will are key to facilitate ones control of attention and will . Practicing paying attention to concentration, you gain the experience to exercise your will to just be witness to any distracting thoughts that populate instead of using imagination or daydreams in lieu of concentrating on the object of your meditation. So primarily the goal in the first area of meditation is to concentrate, provide un forced attention and focus on one object whether its a personalized mantra, a saying, chant or unquestionable object.The next step instructed is mind and body wedion and silencing of the mind best kn profes s as Meditation. In meditation the attention is unbroken, effortless, a steady current of concentration. The focused attention is also applied to the object of meditation and the state of meditation that initiates deeper and deeper concentration which then proclaims true knowledge, universal awareness and can begin to restore balance. You become connected to feelings, sensations and everything connected to that object. Best quoted is Albert Einstein Everything in the earth is relative to everything else This deep concentration and connection ultimately brings your meditation to connect you to everything uniting your object and your mind.The final step of meditation occurs in the state of contemplation and ultimate consciousness. The experience of not being conscious of just our body and thoughts but being part of the universe and cosmos. Some imply it is a birthright and destiny to attune to this state of realization, truth, consciousness and bliss. You become connected to the uni verse as it is connected to you in a simple, spontaneous action. Nothing is forced, what happens is what is supposed to happen. Meditation takes practice.Overall patience and understanding to accomplish the deepest form of meditation requires you to ca-ca the abilities of focusing on an object, reject unwanted/unwarranted thoughts not related to the object, promoting the power to controlled thoughts, the capacity to stop them, comprehension to separate ones self from thoughts, and all is through to master and achieve a silent mind. This deep state of meditation refers to the silent mind as a powerful experience. A silent mind is related to being alert and sensitive to surroundings, compassionate towards others, removing harmful notions from the mind, judgments, rejection, hatred, anger, jealousy and any thought process that is implying one of being wrapped in ones own confusions.Primordial sound mediation is best explained as a healing practice. Experience inner peace and it remind s oneself of our essence, improves inspiration, compassion, love, health, enthusiasm and creativity in daily support and relations. Primordial sounds consist of basic, essential sounds and vibrations from nature. Mantras are primordial sounds that are depicted from the Vedic mathematics, which determine the exact sound or vibrations developed using the date, conviction and location of a persons birth.If used correctly to influence the quieting of the mind, you can fall into meditation easier and faster. The mantra guides you from levels of clustered thought activities, to complete silence. You are no longer affected by internal commotion and are able to in-tune to true, and peaceful awareness of the universe. This allows the mind, physical body and energy network that supports and sustains the physical body ability to snuff it at maximum effectiveness. Mantra deepens meditation, it blesses our lives with the universe ,provides true knowledgeable wealth of the soul, gives a roadm ap to heightened awareness and clears, relaxes, and rejuvenates the body..There are many types, forms and ways of meditation. All meditation types be in possession of the ability to restore physical, mental and emotional self well being. The fact that we use roughly 5% of our minds substantiates the vastness of relaxing beyond the busyness and ciaos. separate meditation can include walking, simple, mindfulness, journey, vibrational and central channel meditation, all techniques allow anyone to incorporate and fit into their lifestyle. The tasks of the present day insist that people are more human doings with the constant feeling of needing to be doing something or going somewhere, always doing. We need to be referring to ourselves as human beings so it incorporates the importance of attention, concentration, self peace and we are just beings here to be

Sample Speech

Celebrity Culture has asleep(p) too far lay aside a speech in which you attempt to persuade an audience that todays obsession with the get it ons of the moneyed and noteworthy has gone too far. Why atomic number 18 we so fascinated by the people who make no impact what-so-ever on our lives? Why do we go mad when some rich and famous person makes headlines in the newspapers and magazines for acquire sot at parties or for breaking up with their new boyfriend or girlfriend? Why do we experience these events as a big deal and try to follow up on all the news ab come forward it?Arent these so-called celebrities normal modal(a) people unsloped like each one of us? However, it is right to say that all of us idolize them, follow their every move, and treat them as modern gods. I can honestly say that there is no one sitting in front of me, who never had an obsession with a honor before in their life. Good Afternoon ladies and gentleman, teachers and my fellow students my name is Sinjumol Sunny and today, I will be talking about how our obsession with reputation stopping point has gone too far.Do you think our obsessions are far beyond what they should be? Well, I certainly believe it has crossed its limits a long time ago. We live in a world full of new technologies, which gives us an unlimited access to the tabloids more than ever before. We have televisions, magazines, Internet blogs andsocial networking sites that are filled with terrible amounts of images and news of the world-wide k forthwithn celebrities. We are at a time where we have more contact with celebrity gossip than we have had ever before.However, we are now faced with a question what are the effects that these superstars have on us? I powerfully believe that celebrities influence fans to be devastatingly thin, to get drunk and be high on drugs and they create a stereotypical image of perfection. Celebrities have become a terrible role model for many preadolescent people like us. Figure s show that 77% of the peoplein this world believe that celebrities have too much of an influence on spring chicken girls. This effect isclear in the look and attitudes of young girls around us.They try to imitate the celebrity fashion and follow the latest trends. We have all seen girls as young as ten or twelve years old go around wearing tight clothing and mini skits. They spend hours working out to achieve a coat zero figure. There is also a vast amount of girls who starve themselves every day or go on very unhealthy diets just to look like the stereotypical images created by the media and the celebrities.According to the National Institute on the media and the family,40% of nine and tenyear-olds had tried losing weight. This is totally outrageous and these young girls are getting influenced from celebrities like Madonna and Cheryl Cole who have gone too far with their size zero or even double zero figures. It annoys me to see celebrities who are constantly trying to out-skin ny each other while this makes the average woman left feeling very conscious about their own figures. I strongly believe that this size zero trend needs to stop and people should be much more responsible about their health especially young girls.With celebrities creating impossible standards of beauty of goddesses, more and more young adults are feeling less confident, angrier, and more dissatisfied with their looks. Without doubt our obsession with the rich and famous celebrities has gone too far. It has gone past the stage that we are even risking our health and lives to follow them. I was shocked to hear that people are willing to attenuate themselves because they are willing to do anything for their obsession. We all have seen the hash tags cutforbieber trending on Twitter.Although it started as a joke, it was surprisingto see so many young girls actually harming themselves. I believe that self-harming is not a fashion or statement. Its a sign that young people are experiencing extreme distress and need help. Another slip of how our obsession with celebrity culture has gone too far is when I see people having their bodies filled with tattoos of their favourite celebrities. Although having one or two is acceptable, perceive One Direction fans with around 70 tattoos on them is without doubt crossing the line.Celebrities often get bizarre tattoos to be in the spotlight. We all know the sizable scaled tattoo that Cheryl Cole has on her back and Harry Style with countless numbers of tattoos on his body. Many fans are getting the identical tattoos. I believe this is really senselessand people need to be original and if you are putting any tattoo on your body, make it something special to you and something meaningful, rather than a copy of your favourite celebrity tattoo because you have an obsession on them. I believe that celebrity culture has pretty much taken everyplace lives.It is alarming to know that celebrity news often takes the headlines in newspap ers and channels above world events. Recently, the news of the birth of Prince George has received huge coverage in the papers so much thatthose important issues that were happening at the time much(prenominal) as the Syria crisis were overshadowed with the news of the new-born Prince. Also the death of Princesses Diana had been due to our obsession of celebrity culture going out of control. Shedied due to a high speed getaway from the reporters and paparazzi that came after her.Although the French courts ruled that photographers were not responsible for her death, it is a know fact that they were an inevitable source to her death and we had a major loss of a very beautiful and humble princess and great role model. It is clearly mum that our obsession with the rich and famous had a cost on us, and on them. Let me ask you a question. Who is your role model? Im positive(predicate) almost 90% of you have thought of a celebritys name. But are they really and truly the person you want to turn out to be. It is a known fact that many celebrities take drugs.We see them getting high in leaked pictured of private parties and even some showing up drunk at concerts and public functions. It is shameful to think that we are also following what they do and putting our lives at risk. Drinking alcohol and taking drugs seems to be acceptable to many people because their celebrity role models are taking them. However we also do need to think about people such as Michael Jackson and Amy Winehouse who have passed away due to the high intake of drugs. We also see celebrities going into rehabilitation centre because they are so babelike on it.Do we want to turn out like them? On a final note, let us rise up now and stop permit celebrity culture teach us what to do. Lets be original, and be the person that we truly are inside. Todays obsession with the lives of the rich and famous has gone too far. Let us stop it there before it gets too late and out of hand. Lets do it together . Weve comprehend what we have to do. Weve seen what we need to do. Now is the time to do it, and, together, we can stop our obsession with celebrity culture. Thank you,

Assess the Sociological Explanations of the Role of Culture

Assess the sociological explanations of the role of culture in contemporary society Culture is the behaviour, beliefs and characteristics of a situation group of people. Age groups, ethnic groups and social groups etc ar all exemplars of groups of people that possess their own unique culture. The people within a culture are expected to follow the norms and regard ass that are passed down through generation to generation. Over the past 30 years, different cultures have gradually intermingled due to an increase number people immigrating to different countries, which each bring their own cultures, be it religious or pop culture etc This is particular visible in many a(prenominal) western countries such as Britain, Canada and the United States, as there is a much high-pitcheder level of ethnic diversity. The amalgamation of different cultures has also influence peoples views on things like sexuality, gender roles and age roles etc Functionalists believe that culture benefits the w hole of society. They believe that if everyone in society shares the resembling beliefs and estimates, i. e. a value consensus is reached, and then society as a whole atomic number 50 be kept in a civilised manner. They also believe that culture is a key factor, to shaping culture and society.Primary socialisation is taught by parents who teach children what they expect of them. It also develops their own personal characteristics, beliefs and values, which are largely influenced by their parents and family. Secondary socialisation is taught mainly by teachers in schools. Teenagers and young adults learn what is expected of them in larger society, come forwardside of their home (e. g. what is acceptable and not acceptable based on age or gender etc). Tertiary socialization occurs when individuals are integrated into the world and being to gain new ideas and values of socialization.Emile Durkheim, a French sociologist during the youthful 19th century and early 20th century, beli eved that culture is collectively formed and only exists collectively, meaning that culture can only be developed by a group of people and not by an individual. He believed that culture has many relationships with society, including a logical relationship (the idea that power over individuals belongs to legitimate cultural categories, and beliefs such as God), a functional relationship (the idea that culture creates common beliefs amongst individuals in society, strengthening social order). However, the unctionalist explanations are based on a more traditional society. They are outdated as some ideas do fit todays multi-cultural society. The classical Marxist theory culture as a way of expressing a regnant class ideology. This is where the bourgeoisie regard the superstructure of society, the proletariats (working class) creating a false class consciousness, which further creates a false description of reality and the relationships mingled with them and the proletariats. They al so believe that culture reinforces the class structure. This means that culture is a way of maintaining the ideas of what each class can achieve.For example, the classical Marxist theory believes that in society, the rich population will always achieve higher than the paltryer population, as they can afford to carry on their education to the highest level, whilst the poorer population are sifted out of the educational system at the earliest possible stage. The classical Marxist theory does not take into account the times when the working class rejects their control under the ruling class. This can be in the form of riots, strikes or even a group of people, who are in their own subculture who share the analogous beliefs about the relationship between the working class and the ruling class (e. . skin heads, punks). Neo-Marxist believes that the working class are being distracted from revolting against the ruling class. One of the most widely adopted forms of neo Marxism is the Frank furt school. Two of its key members, Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer, came up with the theory of the culture industry. This is the idea that fashionable culture is like a factory that produces standardized cultural goods (e. g. film, radio, magazines) that are used to manipulate mass society into being content, no matter how poor the quality of their lives are.They believe that mass culture encourages the working class to buy things that are false needs, which leads to a commodity fetishism. This is when capitalism affects the way people interact with each other based on the economic class the belong to. For example, under capitalism, everything that can be exchanged becomes a commodity. Things like labour can become a commodity, by selling your labour to an employer you are commoditizing yourself, and that defines the kind of relationship you and your employer will have.Overall, the neo Marxist theory sees that the population are motionless victims of mass culture, who are dist racted from the realisation of the quality of their lives. Neo-Marxists at the Birmingham University adopted Gramscis idea of cultural hegemony. This was an idea thought up by the Italian Marxist Antonia Gramsci, that capitalism would have to face and tolerate oppositional cultures. These are usually sub cultures, particularly within youth culture, that stand against capitalist values.Stuart hall gave the example of the skinhead as an oppositional culture, as he argued that they do not follow the norms and values set in place by capitalism, and resist capitalist views. This theory barely is highly theoretical and lacks primary data. Feminists believe that culture is dominated by male ideas. They believe that workforce control women to serve their own interests, and that women are seen as second class citizens. The idea that females from an early age, are brought up being brainwashed by culture and society into thinking that women cannot strive to achieve high goals like men can.Th is is visible in the mass media. For example, in many soap operas and sitcoms, women are portrayed as home makers, cleaners or secretaries, whilst men a portrayed as having high powered jobs. In the 1950s, all advertisements for thing like kitchen appliances or cleaning products where women orientated, and many T. V commercials for these often saw the male as the breadwinner, returning home from work to his wife. However, this theory is becoming outdated as women in contemporary society are given the same opportunities as men.For example, women now have equal job opportunities as mean, as many of them are entering previously male dominated occupations. The interpretive, interactionist approach or the action theory as its more commonly known, is the idea that culture is made up of every bodies individual actions in society. It believes that peoples views and explanations of culture are moulded by the social groups in which they belong to. These interpretations of culture by individu als in society come together to form what is known as the actionist theory. This theory however does not take into account shared beliefs or a value consensus.It also conflicts with the idea that culture cannot be formed by an individual, and can only be formed when there is a group of people. Semiotic culture attempts to define culture as types of symbolic human activity, origination of signs and a way of giving meaning to everything around. In this idea, culture is understood as a system of meaningful symbols, signs words and images. This approach can be adopted by any theorist (e. g. Marxist, feminist) no matter where they stand on the sociological spectrum. Post modernists theories of culture are based around the idea that society is adopting new cultures all the time.This is what is known as cultural diversity. Post-modernists believe that individuals are free to choose and design their own culture and identities. They also may pick up a hybrid culture, which is a mixture of different cultures that is usually found in countries where there is a large culture diversity. Overall, I think that most of the theories have valid plausibility and evidence, especially Horkeimers and Adornos neo_marxist theory. However, Theory I note most plausible is the functionalist theory. I find that it has the most supportive evidence out of all the theories.

Term Paper About Tardiness

School engagement and participation have become the commission of educators over the past decade as they are linked to achievement and dropout rates. In order to learn, a student has to be both physically and mentally present in the classroom, on a consistent basis, ready to receive instruction.Students who are in class, on time, and behaving well are more likely to be actively and productively intermeshed in their own education. Conversely, students who are moving frequently between schools may be less likely to be meshed in their learning, much like a student who is frequently absent.Additionally, a high rate of mobility at a particular school can adversely affect every student at that school. Measures of engagement and participation vary however, research has proven that high rates of absenteeism, tardiness, disciplinary incidents, or mobility signal disruptions in the continuity and quality of a students learning.Moreover, high rates of absenteeism can lead to course failure and, eventually, dropping out of school. The good intelligence operation for educators is that all of this student information is accessible early and often in the school year, before course performance data is available.As a result, these data are powerful and useful early indicators for identifying students in need of immediate intervention. In the case of a student who is receiving interventions engagement and participation measures can also can educators with an important measure of the dosage of the intervention.When viewed together, attendance, tardiness, discipline, mobility, dropout rate and participation metrics help educators understand the true story of how actively and productively individual students, groups of students, and their parents are engaged in school.

Bio Lab Report

Ye Tao BISC220-13155 The Effect of Temperature on the Digestion of starch by Activity of Enzyme ? -Amylase Observation of Rate of Starch Disappearance done Iodine Test Introduction An enzyme is a type of protein that, through its own structure including hydrogen bonds, acts like a biological catalyst and is able to hie the biochemical reply rate by lowering the activation brawn of the whole process, without which cells could hardly practice any physiological functions within human bodies (Sizer, 1943).Found in the saliva and pancreatic secretions of animals including human beings as well as the plant ensureds, bacteria and fungi (Siddiqui et al. , 2010), the enzyme ? -amylase that was studied during the investigate has signifi coffin nailt impact on the hydrolysis of starch. By breaking the alpha, 1-4 glycosidic linkages in the carbohydrates, amylase hydrolyzes the starch, a polysaccharides that is stored in plants and cannot be at a time digested by animal cells, into maltose , a disaccharide that later generate deuce units of glucose to undergo metabolisms and provides necessary energy (Slaughter et al. , 2001). The enzymatic activity of ? amylase is facilitated by calcium and chloride ions during the hydrolysis (Marini, 2006 and Siddiqui et al. , 2010). The complete digestion of starch and formation of maltose and glucose can be examined through the iodine mental test when I2KI reagent is added into the resolving and cadaver brown instead of turning into dark blue, marking that all the molecules of starch have been fully hydrolyzed (Hanes, 1932). While amylase effectively activates the hydrolysis of starch, the efficiency of the catalytic process is influenced by several factors including temperature, pH level and the concentration of the substrates etc.In this experiment, as the ? -amylase is a type of protein, the efficiency of enzyme is highly related to its hydrogen bonds which are affected by the temperature. though the enzyme is collected from the porcine pancreas, due to its structural similarities to amylase in human bodies, the behaviors of two amylases should resemble from each one other. Given that under extreme temperature enzymes will be change and unable to function and the constant temperature of pigs is around 39C, the hypothesis of this experiment is that at 37C amylase will catalyze the hydrolysis with the highest speed, followed by amylase at 22C.Amylase at 0C will react extremely slowly due to the crystallization of hydrogen bonds and at100C, amylase will lose its function since it will be denatured. Materials and Methods Four test tubes were marked from A1 to A4. Then, 2mL of 1% starch solution from Carolina Biological Supply Company, 4mL of deionized water and 1mL of 6. 8 hydrion buffer from VWR International/ Micro Essential Laboratories were added into each tube. Another four test tubes were also research laboratoryeled from B1 to B4 and added 1mL of 1% ? -amylase from porcine pancreas from Sigma Aldr ich. Eight tubes were paired according to the aforementioned(prenominal) number (A1and B1 etc. and assigned to environments at different temperature Tube A1 and B1 were placed into a water bath at 100C Tube A2 and B2 were placed into a water bath at 37C Tube A3 and B3were placed on the tube rack (at about 22C) Tube A4 and B4 were placed into an ice bath at 0C. All test tubes were kept at different temperatures for 10 minutes. Meanwhile, a control group of starch solution was prepared without amylase. (Bio Lab Manual, 2013) At the said(prenominal) time, a test plate was added 2 drops of I2KI reagent (1% Iodine and 2% KI) from Carolina Biological Supply Company per well.After 10 minutes, when test tubes were still in the professional environments, solutions in Tube A1 with B1 were mixed and a timer was started. At each 30-second-inteval, a drop of the mixture was released into the well on the test plate until the solution in the plate did not change into dark blue and remained brown , indicating the end of the reaction by showing no presence of starch and presence of maltose and glucose. The experiment was plagiarizeed on the tubes at other temperatures. Slow reactions were observed and recorded up to 420 seconds due to time limit.Data were pooled from each bench and average and standard conflict were calculated. The data of the control group were also obtained. Results Figure 1 The test plate of iodine test under different temperature. Dark blue well indicated the presence of starch while the brown ones indicate the completion of starch hydrolysis. (Upper half 37C Bottom Half 0C) The rate of reaction was fastest at 37C (n=4, average=212. 5s, SD=66. 1s) while the rate of reaction at 22C was only slightly less than it (n=4, mean=217. 5s, SD=61. 8s).Though the previous two groups underwent starch hydrolysis relatively fast, the tubes at 100C and 0C reacted so slowly that it took more than 420 seconds for their completions (time was only recorded earlier 420s) . There was no hydrolysis in the control group. The time of the reaction completions as the function of different temperatures was shown in the table and graph below. The Effects of Temperature Temperature (? ) Time of Starch Disappearance(s) Bench 1 Bench 2 Bench 3 Bench 4 Mean SD Control 420 420 420 420 420 0 0 420 420 420 420 420 0 2 210 210 three hundred 150 217. 5 61. 84658 37 270 180 265 135 212. 5 66. 14378 100 420 420 420 420 420 0 Table 1. Time of Starch Disappearance with Porcine Pancreatic ? -Amylase at Different Temperatures (Time was recorded up to 420s). Graph 1. Time of 1% Starch Disappearance with Porcine Pancreatic ? -Amylase as the Function of Different Temperature Discussion and final result As the data obtained from the experiment, all parts of the captain hypothesis were confirmed by the result. Temperature plays an important role during the activation of ? amylase that only during certain temperature range can the enzyme function properly to catalyze bioc hemical reactions. On one hand, at 37C the amylase showed the greatest efficiency in catalyze the hydrolysis of starch. At the same time, the amylase also showed considerable catalytic efficiency at 22C. But on the other hand, when temperature dropped or rose to extreme value such as 0C or 100C, the function of amylase was inhibited and such biochemical transformation of substances could hardly process. This result obtained is consistent with the reality that during normal torso temperature, regardless of pig or human beings, mylase is able to catalyze the hydrolysis of starch with the highest speed. Therefore, we may conclude that even taken out from where it was found, the amylase still maintain its original biochemical properties. The experiment did not show the biochemical mechanism of the modification from temperature to amylase activity. However, according to the scientific research done by other scientists, a temperature that ranges from 20-50C could make structures includ ing weak interactions, hydrogen bonds and disulfide bridge exist within and stabilize the enzyme molecules to maximize their activities.At the water freezing point (0C), the hydrogen bonds are crystallized and bring forth more constrained and less flexible while at high temperature like 100C, the bonds consume certain energy to become unstable and fragile, uncomplete of which contribute to the proper functions of amylase (DAmico et al. , 2003). While the result of the experiment perfectly matched what was expected, however, such destination could only be made at qualitative phase and it is overt that weakness of this experiment existed and prevented the further understanding of amylase at quantitative level.Several modifications to the current experimental designs could be made to enhance its accuracy. Firstly, the sample size needs to be expanded. With only four groups, the data was so limited. As a result, the data had great standard deviations of more than 60 seconds. Simulta neously, the random errors were at high surmise to take place. Therefore, with the increase of sample size, the data can be more accurate and stabilized and potential random errors could be discarded to ensure the coherency of the data.Furthermore, even though neither the test tube at 0C and 100C enabled the completions of starch hydrolysis, the reasons of the two groups are not the same. Therefore, in order to detect the reason of the loss of catalytic ability, follow-up experiments need to be practiced. A possible design might be to change the test tubes from 0C or 100C into 37C for another 10 minutes then redo the iodine test to see this time whether the amylase can function well or not.This manipulation will convince the hypothesis about the reason behind the superficial phenomena that was shown in the original experiments and present the difference between denaturing of protein and crystallization of hydrogen bonds. It is important for people to thoroughly understand the amyl ase activity and all the factors that are potentially capable of influencing such activity through which people can understand how human bodies work as well as the physiology of other organisms. At the same time, the research in amylase activity could potentially bring economical benefits to industrialized starch products manufacturing.And finally, the amylase activity has shown its significance in medical clinical trial that diseases including hyperamylasemiaor hyperamylasuria are turn up to be related to the amylase in the human serum and urines (Salt 2nd, 1976). References General Biology BISC 220 Laboratory Manual. (2013). University of Southern California. Lab2, pp33-36. DAmico, S. , Gerday, C. , Feller, G. (2003). Temperature adaptation of proteins engineering mesophilic-like activity and stability in a cold-adapted ? -amylase. Journal of molecular biology,332(5), 981-988. Hanes, C.S. (1932). Studies on plant amylases The effect of starch concentration upon the velocity of h ydrolysis by the amylase of germinated barley. Biochemical Journal,26(5), 1406. Marini, I. (2005). Discovering an accessible enzyme Salivary amylase Prima digestio fit in ore A didactic approach for high school students. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education,33(2), 112-116. Salt 2nd, W. B. , Schenker, S. T. E. V. E. N. (1976). Amylaseits clinical significance a review of the literature. Medicine,55(4), 269. Siddiqui, Z. S. , & Khan, M. A. 2011). The role of enzyme amylase in two germinating seed morphs of Halopyrum mucronatum (L. ) Stapf. in saline and non-saline environment. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,33(4), 1185-1197. Sizer, I. W. (2006). Effects of temperature on enzyme kinetics. Advances in Enzymology and Related Areas of Molecular Biology, Volume 3, 35-62. Slaughter, S. L. , Ellis, P. R. , & Butterworth, P. J. (2001). An investigation of the action of porcine pancreatic ? -amylase on inseparable and gelatinised starches. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-General Su bjects,1525(1), 29-36.Bio Lab ReportBiology lab report Estimating glucose concentration in solution Done by Hasan Al-jowder 11E KC Introduction The purple beg solution of potassium permanganate (MnO4 -) is reduced by glucose to a colourless solution of manganese ions (Mn2+). MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- Mn2+ + 4H2O The time taken for the loss of colour from a standardised solution of permanganate is directly related to the concentration of glucose present in solution. Research questionHow does the different concentration of glucose solution which have the same volume affects the time taken for the pink color of the potassium permanganate to turn into colorless? Hypothesis The higher the concentration of glucose, the shorter time taken for the reduction of potassium permanganate, hence resulting in shorter time taken for the pink color of potassium permanganate to decolorize. This is because the concentration of glucose molecules in glucose solution is high thus more electron are donated to t he permanganate within a constant period.Variables breakaway The concentration of the glucose solution Dependent The time taken for the pink color of the potassium permanganate to turn into colorless Controlled Volume/Units Materials list Eye protection A timer a glass rod a boiling tube and a rack 3 beakers 3 sprays 6 labels glucose solutions (2%,4%,6%,8%,10%,12%) 3 solution of unappreciated glucose concentration (A,B,C) sulphuric acid potassium permanganate Procedure 1. label your three beakers sulphuric acid PP- for potassium permanganate G- for glucose 2. abel your syringes in the same way. 3. add about 25 cm3 of sulphuric acid and potassium permanganate to the beakers this will be your stock to use throughout the experiment. note which glucose solution you are testing first. 4. use the correct syringe to place 10 cm3 of the first glucose solution into the boiling tube. 5. add 5 cm3 of sulphuric acid. 6. add 2 cm3 of potassium permanganate and start the clock. 7. stir with a aspiration rod and stop the clock as soon as the pink color disappears. 8. record the time and the glucose solution used. . rinse the syringe you used for the glucose solution. 10. repeat employ the other glucose solution. 11. repeat for a solution of unknown concentration (A B or C) 12. record your own results and if possible class average results in a table. Table Glucose concentrationsTime taken to change color 2%1 minute 41 seconds 4%1 minute 13 seconds 6%45 seconds 8%41 seconds 10%35 seconds 12%32 seconds Unknown A48 seconds Unknown B1 minute 13 seconds Unknown C2 minute 56 seconds Graph conclusion Evaluation sources of error= the temperature of the water was not the same with all the concentrations minor inaccuracy in watching the exact time that the color changes absolutely inaccuracy in using the stop watch Reference https//www. google. com. bh/hl=en&sclient=psy-ab&q=estimating+glucose+concentration+in+solution+lab+report+hypothesis&oq=estimating+glucose+concentration+i n+solution+lab+report+hypothesis&gs_l=hp. 3 3351. 18905. 1. 19921. 11. 11. 0. 0. 0. 0. 421. 2839. 2-10j0j1. 11. 0 0. 0 1c. 1. 7. psy-ab. csPQdc8wzZA&pbx=1&bav=on. 2,or. r_cp. r_qf. &bvm=bv. 44011176,d. d2k&fp=34c3fbe89c60be0d&biw=1366&bih=629

The Sociological Context Of Healthcare Health And Social Care Essay

Ethnicity is a socially constructed term that refers to people sing themselves as different from another type of people in footings of hereditary back institute, faith, linguistic communication, civilization and where they originate from geographically. Harmonizing to Dyson ( 2005 ) , nonage pagan groups are perceived to hold a different civilization or national tradition as compared to the people of the population. This explains that different ethnic groups co-exist in England and the remainder of the UK. Harmonizing to Taylor and Field ( 2003 ) , this includes people of Afro- Caribbean descent, Africans and Asians merely to advert a few. Taylor and Field ( 2003, pg 72 ) suggest that being cultural agencies, to be seen as a belongs of being black or Asiatic and in the minority On the other manus, the bulk white population consists of the mainstream white British society that is ascendant in the whole population. Further more(prenominal), harmonizing to the Disease Control Priorities Project ( 2006 ) , health flummox is a term utilize to mention to all countries of the health of persons in a state and the whole population and it includes disablements, deathrate hazards and diseases. Therefore, harmonizing to statistics and statements by health specializers, sociologists and the media in Britain charter ever argued that there is clear screen backgrounds of difference in the health patch of minority cultural groups and the bulk white population.Some nearlyness sociologists argue that minority cultural groups in Britain and the UK tend to hold a less desirable and worse wellness position compared to the bulk white population due to several factors. Taylor and Field ( 2003 ) argue that racial favoritism undermines the wellness of minority cultural groups whether direct or indirect therefore impacting the people s right to an first-class wellness service. Furthermore, they argue that due to the widening spread in mortality between the upper ki nsfolk and the operative category has lead to ill wellness amongst cultural minority communities which then has lead to the differences in wellness positions. Naidoo and Wills ( 2001 ) gave an illustration of institutional racism whereby slow reactions by health care professionals to cultural minority wellness have lead to less reding and testing for instances like reaping hook cell upset and thalassemia.Nazroo ( 1997a, cited in Culley and Dyson, 2001, pg 39 ) , argues that the wellness positions of minority cultural groups in the UK appear, by and large talking, to be worse than the wellness position of the white populations . This is a general statement that minority cultural groups are more challenged in footings of wellness compared to the bulk white group. Here, they have concluded from detecting forms in deceases and the causes amongst the population. Harmonizing to Culley and Dyson ( 2001 ) , they have observed forms in cultural factors, background, genetic sciences han diness of wellness services and economic factors. Harmonizing to the 1991 Census ( Culley and Dyson, 2001 ) the worse decease evaluate were for those persons innate(p) fall outside the UK. Marmot et Al ( 1984 ) published consequences of a survey which had been conducted between 1970 and 1978, on cultural minorities who died aged over twenty old ages in Britain and found out that all cultural minorities born outside Britain had a higher decease rate runing from mere accidents to tuberculosis compared to the bulk white population. In physical wellness, statistical grounds indicates that persons born in the Caribbean tend to hold lower decease rates as a consequence of lung cancerous neoplastic disease, whilst Indian persons anyway have high decease hazards due to lung malignant neoplastic disease in comparing to Irish and Scots persons who have had high decease hazards from coerce disease and lung malignant neoplastic disease.Taylor and Field ( 2003 ) argued that Asiatic groups tend to hold higher rates of tit disease and diabetes compared to the bulk white population. They besides observed that the Black groups tend to hold higher rates of high blood force per unit area, diabetes and shot compared to the bulk white population. Sproston and Mindell ( 2006 ) found out from the 2004 wellness Survey for England consequences that Indian male childs in Britain have a higher frequence of extended malady compared to the misss and other cultural minority groups. In support of consequences from a wellness study, Nazroo ( 1997a ) explained that minority cultural groups indicated well high degrees of self- account ailment wellness compared to the white population particularly those of Pakistani/ Bangladeshi and Caribbean descent. They all reported worse bosom wellness and instances of diabetes compared to their white opposite numbers.In relation to mental wellness instances, Karlsen et Al ( 2005 ) argued that higher rates of treated mental wellness jobs ( schizop hrenic disorder ) have been reported for cultural minorities particularly black groups compared to their white opposite numbers. Morgan et Al ( 2004 ) found out that immature black African and Caribbean tempt forces tend to acquire more constabularies invasion and fewer hospitalization, household intercession and rehabilitation victorious to long periods of psychotic agony compared to any other social group. Reasons from these sociologists were that Afro Caribbean male childs have been labelled as violent and threatening by head-shrinkers so the minute they approach them for aid, they are already viewed as besides disturbed upon first presentation at the GP ( physicians ) . Surveies besides indicated a higher standard mortality rate ( SMR ) amongst Caribbean with make up forces making 176, whilst 210 for adult females for mental health-related jobs. However, these statistics did non include the Irish minority. Concentrating on mental wellness, harmonizing to Culley and Dyson ( 2001 ) , surveies have shown a high prevalence of persons from African and Afro-Caribbean descent to be three to five times more likely than Whites to be diagnosed with schizophrenic disorder ( Bagley, 1971 Littlewood and Lipsedge, 1988 ) . Cochrane and Bal ( 1989 ) observed that these consequences apply more to immature African and Afro Caribbean work forces who largely were born in Britain. Nazroo ( 1997b ) observed the Fourth National Survey of Ethnic Minorities and found out that Caribbean young persons enduring from mental wellness jobs yearly amounted to fourteen per 1000 compared to the Whites eight per 1000. This brings out a decision that a greater per centum of cultural minorities had a worse wellness position compared to the white bulk.Furthermore, harmonizing to Balarajan and Botting ( 1989 ) , the pre-birth mortality rates in Britain are higher amongst cultural minority adult females in comparing to babes of British born female parents. They found out that there wer e 16 deceases per one 1000 live for babes belonging to Pakistani female parents between 1986 and 1988 compared to nine for babies belonging to British Born female parents. This is another ground why the wellness position of minority cultural groups is worse than that of the bulk white population. Another ground for the difference in wellness position between these two societal groups is lifestyle. Surveies indicate that persons in a manual societal category, or who tend to make blue-collar manual labor ( working category ) have a higher mortality rate compared to white neckband or non-manual societal categories ( Phillimore et Al, 1994 ) . This besides means that persons in the working category have higher ego reported unwellnesss compared to those in the non-manual societal category ( white neckband occupations, e.g managerial and high paying occupations ) . Harmonizing to Platt ( 2007 ) , poorness and want is known to be prevailing amongst cultural minority groups compared to the remainder of the population. Groups that suffer most include Africans, Afro Caribbean persons, Bangladeshis, Pakistanis, Indians and Chinese. Such want ends up taking to hapless life conditions, deficiency of nutrient, wellness commissariats finally taking to ill wellness hence this confirms the worse wellness position of cultural minorities compared to the bulk white population ( National Statistics, 2006 ) .However, although the wellness position of cultural minorities seems to be much worse than that of the bulk white population, the life anticipation of both work forces and adult females has improved finishedout the twentieth Century ( Clarke, 2001, pg 130 ) . Besides, harmonizing to Taylor and Field ( 2003 ) , nowadays cultural minority communities ( African, Asiatic and Indian ) seem to hold similar degrees of health care proviso, if non better, compared to the bulk white population. finisAlthough to a higher extent there are more grounds for the difference in the welln ess statuses amongst cultural minorities and white bulk, the new thoughts today, if implemented good, could assist cut down the difference. The differences in wellness positions between cultural minority groups and the bulk white groups in Britain is clearly an issue. Pierson ( 2002 ) argued that socio-inequality in health care could be reduced by bettering the health care proviso for cultural minority groups hence finally, acquiring free of the differences in the wellness positions of both societal groups ( cultural minorities and white bulk ) . Pierson ( 2002 ) suggested that antidiscrimination policies could be implemented through increasing the public assistance and benefits for the disadvantaged and, including the less privileged cultural minority groups in design devising. This would assist better the health care from everyone s point of position, from every societal category.

Emotions make the world go round Essay

Emotions be maven of the unique traits of humans. Not every last(predicate) living things created by God were able to founder emotions, only men are permitted to feel and limited. Although animals have the ability to sense some things, it is not as powerful and as expressive as that of the humans. adult male emotion speaks a thousand words in silent mode. What we have to understand when it comes to emotion is the verity that it comes from different factors which affects the cycle of emotion and feelings.Organism and environment has something to do with this but it is always linked to the question, how do you feel? which basically means that in emotions, feelings are essential (Kuhl, 1986). Do you ever wonder why a new born child cries afterwards his or her birth? Scientifically speaking, babies cry after birth because they are cold but there is a long story behind this one which we will not elaborate anymore. Looking in another aspect, away from science, babies cry because it signifies their ability to live.It serves as a sign that they are alive and it assures the people inside the delivery room about the crosss existence. Looking at this situation through sciences perspective, an infants emotion is more likely associated with both conditioning and rousing. Remember that around four (4) minutes before the baby is born, something happens inside his or her body which triggers the crying when the time to get out of the mothers womb comes (Morley, 2002).On the other hand, when the baby is already born, we all know that the doctor taps the baby which ignites a little sense of feeling or sensitivity on the babys side. Therefore, conditioning and stimulation happens before and after the baby is born, thus, it is clear that there is really an effect both inside and right(prenominal) the babys body. Although science can explain almost everything in life including emotions and feelings, in the end, it does not really matter that much when you were used in feeling and not thinking too much.Emotions are reactions in everything which happens to you. Others might associate it with adrenalin rush but thinking outside the box, emotions were substantiations regarding your humanity. It is not the initiation of weakness but instead, it is the sign that you are alive and doing well. Many people were not able to express their emotions like anger, fear happiness and sadness and decide to go to medical doctors for check ups. Perhaps, this is one proof that emotions are not just a thing in our life but ability.Works CitedKuhl, J. (1986). penury and information processing A new look at decision making, dynamic change, and action control. In R. M. Sorrentino & E. T. Higgins (Eds. ), Handbook of motivation and cognition Foundations of social behavior (pp. 404-434). Chichester Wiley. Morly, G. M. (2002). Why Do Babies Cry? The Anatomical and physiologic Changes During the Moments After Birth. http//www. cordclamp. com/Why Do Babies Cr1. htm

What advantage does Zara gain against the competition by having a very responsive supply chain?

Q. What usefulness does Zara gain against the competition by having a very responsive supply chain? A. In an persistence where the customer demand is unpredict equal to(p), Zara having a responsive supply chain has enabled it to enjoy great customer upset ascribable to its 5 to 6 weeks cycle time leading to much profits as broadly speaking the products argon then sold at full price. Moreover beingness responsive has also enabled Zara to scale down its inventories and also the forecast error. Q. Why has Inditex chosen to have both in-house manufacturing and outsourced manufacturing?Why has Inditex chief(prenominal)tained manufacturing competency in Europe even though manufacturing in Asia is much cheaper? A. To be responsive in the rapid changing world, Inditex opted for both outsourced manufacturing, for the production of products with predictable demand, and in-house manufacturing, for the production of products with highly uncertain demand. Inditex has maintained large fraction of manufacturing capacity in Portugal and Spain (Europe) despite the higher cost there because this bothows Zara to respond quickly to changing fashion trends in Europe. Q. Why does Zara source products with uncertain demand from local manufacturers and products with predictable demand from Asian manufacturers? A. Zaras main competitive advantage is responsiveness and to retain it Zara source products with uncertain demand from local manufacturers because local manufacturers head fast and ductile sourcing and such products are to be delivered quick instead of at low-cost (with greater lead time as it is manufactured in Asia). Whereas products with predictable demand are sourced from Asian manufacturers because outsourcing is cheaper that is products are manufactured at a low-cost.Q. Why is Zara building a new statistical distribution centre as its sales grow? Is it better to have the new distribution centre near the existing maven or at a completely different reparat ion? A. New distribution centre (DC) is being built by Zara in response to the increase in sales because the stock turnover is change magnitude and in order to cater the growth of sales and avoid any declination in it due to mismanagement of stock availability and customers demand. Q. What advantage does Zara gain from replenishing its stores twice a week compared to a slight frequent schedule?How does the frequency of replenishment affect the design of its distribution system? A. Frequent replenishment allows Zara to match supply and demand more effectively than the competitors. The frequency of replenishment affect the design of its distribution system in a way that the more frequent the replenishment exit take place, the more responsive and up to date the distribution system will be while on the early(a) hand delayed replenishment will also make the distribution system delayed and irksome with respect to customers demand. Q. What nurture infrastructure does Zara need in or der to operate its production, distribution, and sell network effectively? A. In order to operate the production, distribution and retail network effectively, Zara should have an information infrastructure which is highly responsive and provides timely and accurate information that helps in better decision making as well as planning and forecasting. TOYOTA A GLOBAL AUTO MANUFACTURER Q. Where should the kit and caboodles be locate and what degree of flexibility should be built into each?What capacity should each plant have? A. The location of the plants should be such that it complements the aggregation plants and maximum profitability of Toyota. Plants operating locally can be cost prohibitive, while plants that operate world(a)ly can hardly reduce the interest in local securities industrys. Logically, Toyota should move over the global complementation strategy to turn plants, and locate plants in areas that minimize costs (currency exchange, transportation, inventory holdin g, etc).This will allow them to achieve local/ partingal agility and remain flexible enough to supply non-local factories/ gathering plants however inevitable. The capacity of the plant should not exceed the projected demand for local / regional manufacturing sites / assembly plants that each plant will be part of supply. The ability to adequately supply factories is essential, and each plant must be designed with the ability to supply factories in the region. Q. Should plants be able to produce for all markets or only specific contingency markets? A. It depends upon the location and production capacity of each plant. Furthermore, since Toyota follows the strategy of global complementation, plants must be able to supply at least one more market/region than its normally responsible for supplying. Depending on the requirements of global parts, it may be appropriate for plants to be able to supply to all markets. But in the case that markets are so differentiated that the ability for a plant to provide global supply is cost prohibitive, then a specific contingency market should be designated for each regional plant.A plant in a certain region should only serve markets in that specific region otherwise costs will inevitably go up. Q. How should markets be allocated to plants and how frequently should this assignation be revised? A. The allocation of markets to plants should be as efficient as possible. The exemplar allocation should be optimized during the planning phase. However, as markets mature, currency rates fluctuate, and demand changes, it is possible that an adjusted allocation will provide more efficiency and higher returns for Toyota.For this reason allocation should be adjusted when necessary, reviewed either annually or bi-annually, and optimized to increase efficiency and take advantage of the part plants flexibility. Q. What kind of flexibility should be built into the distribution system? A. The distribution system should closely monitor the fle xibility of the global complementation strategy. The regional distribution should be optimized between the factories and supply of parts. However, when adjustments are made to the allocation, it will be necessary for cost-effective distribution to occur between plants and factories to non-local markets.Q. How should this flexible investment be valued? A. The flexible investment should be highly valued as this will lead Toyota to take prisoner the demand and the income of non-local markets where the local cost, demand, etc declines. The flexible production and distribution will prevent idle facilities and reduced profits during economic downturns. And moreover, through the integration of flexible production and distribution, supply chain of Toyota will have greater access to markets and has the potential to capture greater value. Q. What actions may be taken during product design to still this flexibility? A. There should be uniformity between global products which will provide th e most cost effective means to facilitate flexibility between local plants and factories. During the product design, engineers must prepare the elements that maximize both the uniformity and obtain local needs. This flexibility will help the plants and factories looking for the pieces to produce for non local markets and reducing dependencies and vulnerabilities of operating in specific local markets.

Music Analysis

A motion epitome would non appeal to its viewers without the orchestrate sounds at bottom the telescope that intently assistances draw out the feelings from the earreach from watching the video. Many considerable painting sound course of instructions go off be overshadowed by the perfor publicce of a big actor or even clean the motion picture itself. simply anyone misses out on freehanded trust to a great delineation or performer that some people do not realize that a great movie and performer is vigor without the soundtracks behind their perfor homosexualces.The reason why the soundtracks to great movies ar so beta to the mental picture Is because the practice of medicine that Is play within the movie has the business leader to affect the movie In many ways. For example, the sound of an Instrument can emphasize a indisputable emotion a character is intent within a item film as it is compete in the priming coat. In 1998, John Williams orchestrate a soun dtrack for the well-know film thriftiness Private Ryan that showcased his masterpiece, sing to the f each(prenominal) within the backcloth of a heartfelt word picture of a veteran solider visiting his erst plot of ground(a) friends at a cemetery.The musical way of life In sing to the Fallen Is specified to the particular era of the WI era which essentially puts an emphasis on the sad emotions caused by the sad number of fallen s over-the-hilliers of that era. In 1997, crowd Hornier in any case constructed the masterpiece, Rose showcased in the great love film, Titanic. This particular proposition track similarly functions in the background and carries a musical hyphen set to a diachronic era within the primal sasss, but as opposed to Hymn to the Fallen that relates to war, Rose is showcased within a romantic scene that helps he audience feel the emotion of love.The great sound tracks for some(prenominal) movies argon responsible for helping the success of each film as they both help regress emotions in each scene. In Williams Hymn to the Fallen, sounds of the violin and orchestra possess a depressing and sad tone of voice which matches perfectly with emotions that the old man in the scene is ruling as he is visiting his old friends who died in the war. The violins mixed with the sounds of the orchestra persuade a slow tempo and is contend in the background while the man cries on his friends grave accent In reminiscing on times e shared with his old friends.The violin helps portray how the man Is feeling Inside and helps emphasize the depressing feelings that the man Is feeling. Throughout the movie, the violin is also used within the background of sad scenes which shows that the music is associated with the Idea of close and depressing related subjects. The accompaniment that the sounds of the violin and orchestra associate with the musical theme of death gives the ability to the audience to portend when there is going to be a death or sad scene.It also gives the film the advocator to tune a item scene to a deeper level of sad emotions that the film maker Is exhausting to draw from the audience. The war base movie is a greatly praised movie because of the emotions it generates when people watch it. often of the emotions that are generated from the movie tend off of the violin and anformer(a)(prenominal) orchestra sounds. Al approximately a decade subsequent and Titanic is still known to be one of Hollywood greatest love story movies of all time and much of the credit belongs to the soundtrack orchestrated by James Hornier.Hornets masterpiece era of the early sasss. The track Rose, is vie in the background in the regulative most popular scene in the movie Titanic. The scene is a genuinely romantic scene where the important characters, Jack and Rose pretend they are flying as they bobby pin each new(prenominal)s hands on the ledge of the front part of the ship. The sounds of the balmy and flute tha t are played in the song help the audience see that the cardinal main characters are falling in love.Along with the piano and flute, a clarinet and other strings can also be eared that add a deeper emotion and make the scene more affectionate. The sounds of the piano and flute are so constructed to be in tune with each other that the track Rose not all sounds amazing, but it is often referred to as the theme song of the Titanic. Although the films Saving private Ryan, and Titanic, are different, the two films on with the soundtracks are top of the seam quality. The sound tracks to the movies help the movies scram interesting and very engaging.Music enhances ivies heart and although it was clean difficult to focus on the music in the background of these movies due to the highly entertaining content in the movies, the music also kept me interested. I form this fancy of watching a movie and listening to background music very enjoyable to do due to the fact that most topics th at I write essays on, do not involve me actually doing something enjoyable. The experience was greatly enjoyable and so was paternity this paper on two topics that I love, movies and music.Music outlineA motion picture would not appeal to its viewers without the orchestrated sounds within the background that Intently helps draw out the emotions from the audience from watching the movie. Many great movie soundtracks can be overshadowed by the performance of a great actor or even just the motion picture itself. Hardly anyone misses out on giving credit to a great movie or performer but many people do not realize that a great movie and performer is nothing without the soundtracks behind their performances.The reason why the soundtracks to great movies are so important to the film Is because the music that Is played within the movie has the ability to affect the movie In many ways. For example, the sound of an Instrument can emphasize a certain emotion a character is feeling within a specific scene as it is played in the background. In 1998, John Williams orchestrated a soundtrack for the well-known film Saving Private Ryan that showcased his masterpiece, Hymn to the Fallen within the background of a heartfelt scene of a veteran solider visiting his old friends at a cemetery.The musical style In Hymn to the Fallen Is specified to the particular time of the WI era which essentially puts an emphasis on the sad emotions caused by the tragic number of fallen soldiers of that era. In 1997, James Hornier also constructed the masterpiece, Rose showcased in the great love film, Titanic. This specific track also functions in the background and carries a musical style set to a historical era within the early sasss, but as opposed to Hymn to the Fallen that relates to war, Rose is showcased within a romantic scene that helps he audience feel the emotion of love.The great sound tracks for both movies are responsible for helping the success of each film as they both help ge nerate emotions in each scene. In Williams Hymn to the Fallen, sounds of the violin and orchestra possess a depressing and sad tone which matches perfectly with emotions that the old man in the scene is feeling as he is visiting his old friends who died in the war. The violins mixed with the sounds of the orchestra carry a slow tempo and is played in the background while the man cries on his friends tomb In reminiscing on times e shared with his old friends.The violin helps portray how the man Is feeling Inside and helps emphasize the depressing feelings that the man Is feeling. Throughout the movie, the violin is also used within the background of sad scenes which shows that the music is associated with the Idea of death and depressing related subjects. The fact that the sounds of the violin and orchestra associate with the idea of death gives the ability to the audience to predict when there is going to be a death or sad scene.It also gives the film the power to tune a specific sc ene to a deeper level of sad emotions that the film maker Is trying to draw from the audience. The war based movie is a greatly praised movie because of the emotions it generates when people watch it. Much of the emotions that are generated from the movie feed off of the violin and other orchestra sounds. Almost a decade later and Titanic is still known to be one of Hollywood greatest love story movies of all time and much of the credit belongs to the soundtrack orchestrated by James Hornier.Hornets masterpiece era of the early sasss. The track Rose, is played in the background in the regulative most popular scene in the movie Titanic. The scene is a very romantic scene where the main characters, Jack and Rose pretend they are flying as they hold each others hands on the ledge of the front part of the ship. The sounds of the piano and flute that are played in the song help the audience see that the two main characters are falling in love.Along with the piano and flute, a clarinet an d other strings can also be eared that add a deeper emotion and make the scene more affectionate. The sounds of the piano and flute are so constructed to be in tune with each other that the track Rose not only sounds amazing, but it is often referred to as the theme song of the Titanic. Although the films Saving private Ryan, and Titanic, are different, the two films along with the soundtracks are top of the line quality. The sound tracks to the movies help the movies become interesting and very engaging.Music enhances ivies content and although it was somewhat difficult to focus on the music in the background of these movies due to the highly entertaining content in the movies, the music also kept me interested. I found this experience of watching a movie and listening to background music very enjoyable to do due to the fact that most topics that I write essays on, do not involve me actually doing something enjoyable. The experience was greatly enjoyable and so was writing this pap er on two topics that I love, movies and music.Music AnalysisA motion picture would not appeal to its viewers without the orchestrated sounds within the background that Intently helps draw out the emotions from the audience from watching the movie. Many great movie soundtracks can be overshadowed by the performance of a great actor or even just the motion picture itself. Hardly anyone misses out on giving credit to a great movie or performer but many people do not realize that a great movie and performer is nothing without the soundtracks behind their performances.The reason why the soundtracks to great movies are so important to the film Is because the music that Is played within the movie has the ability to affect the movie In many ways. For example, the sound of an Instrument can emphasize a certain emotion a character is feeling within a specific scene as it is played in the background. In 1998, John Williams orchestrated a soundtrack for the well-known film Saving Private Ryan that showcased his masterpiece, Hymn to the Fallen within the background of a heartfelt scene of a veteran solider visiting his old friends at a cemetery.The musical style In Hymn to the Fallen Is specified to the particular time of the WI era which essentially puts an emphasis on the sad emotions caused by the tragic number of fallen soldiers of that era. In 1997, James Hornier also constructed the masterpiece, Rose showcased in the great love film, Titanic. This specific track also functions in the background and carries a musical style set to a historical era within the early sasss, but as opposed to Hymn to the Fallen that relates to war, Rose is showcased within a romantic scene that helps he audience feel the emotion of love.The great sound tracks for both movies are responsible for helping the success of each film as they both help generate emotions in each scene. In Williams Hymn to the Fallen, sounds of the violin and orchestra possess a depressing and sad tone which match es perfectly with emotions that the old man in the scene is feeling as he is visiting his old friends who died in the war. The violins mixed with the sounds of the orchestra carry a slow tempo and is played in the background while the man cries on his friends tomb In reminiscing on times e shared with his old friends.The violin helps portray how the man Is feeling Inside and helps emphasize the depressing feelings that the man Is feeling. Throughout the movie, the violin is also used within the background of sad scenes which shows that the music is associated with the Idea of death and depressing related subjects. The fact that the sounds of the violin and orchestra associate with the idea of death gives the ability to the audience to predict when there is going to be a death or sad scene.It also gives the film the power to tune a specific scene to a deeper level of sad emotions that the film maker Is trying to draw from the audience. The war based movie is a greatly praised movie b ecause of the emotions it generates when people watch it. Much of the emotions that are generated from the movie feed off of the violin and other orchestra sounds. Almost a decade later and Titanic is still known to be one of Hollywood greatest love story movies of all time and much of the credit belongs to the soundtrack orchestrated by James Hornier.Hornets masterpiece era of the early sasss. The track Rose, is played in the background in the regulative most popular scene in the movie Titanic. The scene is a very romantic scene where the main characters, Jack and Rose pretend they are flying as they hold each others hands on the ledge of the front part of the ship. The sounds of the piano and flute that are played in the song help the audience see that the two main characters are falling in love.Along with the piano and flute, a clarinet and other strings can also be eared that add a deeper emotion and make the scene more affectionate. The sounds of the piano and flute are so cons tructed to be in tune with each other that the track Rose not only sounds amazing, but it is often referred to as the theme song of the Titanic. Although the films Saving private Ryan, and Titanic, are different, the two films along with the soundtracks are top of the line quality. The sound tracks to the movies help the movies become interesting and very engaging.Music enhances ivies content and although it was somewhat difficult to focus on the music in the background of these movies due to the highly entertaining content in the movies, the music also kept me interested. I found this experience of watching a movie and listening to background music very enjoyable to do due to the fact that most topics that I write essays on, do not involve me actually doing something enjoyable. The experience was greatly enjoyable and so was writing this paper on two topics that I love, movies and music.